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1

Aerobic Exercise

The AHA and Canadian recommendations advise adults to achieve either 150–300 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, or 75–150 minutes per week of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity, or an equivalent combination. The activity should ideally be spread throughout the week.

Examples of moderate-intensity activities:

  • Brisk walking
  • Recreational cycling
  • Swimming
  • Dancing
  • Gardening
  • Hiking on level ground

Examples of vigorous-intensity activities:

  • Running or jogging
  • Fast cycling
  • Swimming laps
  • Singles tennis
  • Jump rope
  • High-intensity interval training (HIIT)
2

Strength (Resistance) Training

Perform resistance training on at least 2 days each week. Exercises should target all major muscle groups:

  • Legs
  • Chest
  • Back
  • Shoulders
  • Arms
  • Core

Examples include weight lifting, resistance bands, bodyweight exercises (push-ups, squats, lunges), and machine exercises. Strength training improves muscle mass, metabolic health, and bone density while reducing injury risk.

3

Flexibility and Balance

Although flexibility alone is not sufficient for cardiovascular health, organizations recommend incorporating stretching, yoga, tai chi, and balance exercises. These are especially important for adults over 65 to reduce falls and maintain mobility.

Reduce Sedentary Time

Both American and Canadian guidance emphasizes sitting less and breaking up prolonged sitting every 30–60 minutes. Even light movement — standing, walking for a few minutes — provides health benefits.

Sample Weekly Exercise Routine

DayActivity
Monday30-minute brisk walk + strength training (upper body)
Tuesday30-minute cycling or swimming
WednesdayStrength training (lower body and core) + stretching
Thursday30-minute brisk walk
Friday30-minute moderate jog or cycling
SaturdayHiking, sports, or long walk (45–60 minutes)
SundayYoga, stretching, or an easy recovery walk

This routine provides approximately 180–210 minutes of aerobic activity, two strength-training sessions, and regular flexibility work.

Exercise Intensity: The "Talk Test"

A practical way to judge intensity — no heart rate monitor required:

Additional Recommendations

For adults who are currently inactive:

For people with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or other chronic conditions: consult a healthcare professional before beginning vigorous exercise. Most people can safely benefit from appropriately prescribed physical activity.

Key Takeaways

This information is for general educational purposes and is not a substitute for personalized medical advice. Talk to Dr. Vasandani about an activity plan suited to you.

References

  1. Piercy KL, Troiano RP, Ballard RM, et al. (2018). The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. JAMA, 320(19), 2020–2028.
  2. Ross R, Chaput JP, Giangregorio LM, et al. (2020). Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older: an integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 45(10 Suppl. 2), S57–S102.